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Excessively Rare Half Miliaresion
Lot # 630 - Constans II (641-668). 'Ceremonial' Silver Coinage. AR Half Miliaresion or Siliqua, Constantinople mint, 652-654 AD. Obv. [d N CONSTAN]TINЧS PP AV. Constans, crowned and wearing chlamys, standing facing, holding globus cruciger. Rev. Cross potent on three steps; to either side, palm frond. D.O. -; MIB -; Sear -; S. Bendall. 'A New Silver Ceremonial Coin of Constans II,' NumCirc October 2005, p. 306. AR. 2.63 g. 20.05 mm. RRRR. Of the greatest rarity, unknown before 2005. An attractive example, in excellent condition for issue. Brilliant and lightly toned. Area of striking flatness on obverse legend, otherwise. VF/Good VF. Even rarer are the fractional issues; only a scattering of surviving types have been found for Phocas and Heraclius, some known only by a unique specimen. This previously unknown half miliaresion of Constans joins that limited population. The obverse type has only one parallel, in the follis of Constans dated Indictional year 11 (652/3 AD), struck at Syracuse (SB 1108), and is probably contemporary with the miliaresion issue (SB 986) with facing bust. It is uncertain if there is a specific event to be tied to these issues, and they may have simply been distributed to worthy members of the imperial court and important guests. Curiously, this standing figure seems to provide the closest design prototype for a unique miliaresion of Justinian II (SB 1257A) and the subsequent standing caliph type introduced by the Umayyad ruler al Malik at the end of the century. It should also be noted that while there is documentary evidence for the denomination 'miliaresion' as used for a silver coin, the name given its fractional counterpart, the 'siliqua', is a later term of convenience, not found in contemporary texts. (Triton IX, 2006,1634 note).
Excessively Rare Solidus
Lot # 634 - Constantine IV Pogonatus, with Heraclius and Tiberius (668-685). AV Solidus, Constantinople mint. Obv. ∂N CONST- TNSЧS C COS. Facing bust of Constantine IV, youthful, beardless, with long hair, wearing chlamys pinned at right shoulder and crown surmounted by cross, holding globus cruciger. Rev. VICTORIA [AVςЧ] Θ. Standing figures of Heraclius, on left, and Tiberius, both wearing chlamys and holding globus cruciger, flanking central cross potent on three steps; in exergue, CONOBT. D.O. -; MIB 3B; Sear 1147A; BMC -; T.-; R.-; SNG BN -. AV. 4.51 g. 18.50 mm. RRR. Extremely rare. Overweight flan, despite clipped edge, possible ‘al-marco’ weight adjustment. Brilliant and superb, with underlying luster. About EF. Constantine I, the eldest son of Constans II, he faced a host of crises upon his accession, mainly the loss of the Empire's richest provinces, the decimation of the Byzantine navy, and a badly depleted set of resources and options. He fought back with energy and ingenuity, preparing Constantinople for the inevitable siege that commenced six years after his accession, in AD 674. There the Byzantines unleashed their 'secret weapon,' Greek Fire, an incendiary mixture that could be projected through tubes as with a modern flame-thrower. It caught the Arab fleet utterly unprepared and caused the first great Muslim defeat since the Hijra. Constantine's army also defeated the Arabs on land in Asia Minor and forced the Caliph to sign a 30-year peace treaty on terms favorable to the Byzantines. Constantine had to cede much of the Balkans to the new Bulgarian tribe, however, a development that boded ill for the future. One of the best of the early Byzantine rulers, Constantine died young at age 33, leaving the throne to his mercurial son Justinian II. (Heritage 3035, 2014, 29449 note).
Lot # 646 - Constantine V (741-775). AV Solidus, Constantinople mint, 742-775. Obv. GN C-ON-STANTINЧS. Crowned facing bust of Constantine, with short beard, wearing chlamys pinned at right shoulder, holding cross potent in right hand and akakia in left. Rev. C- LЄ - ON PAMЧL I. Crowned facing bust of Leo III, wearing chlamys pinned at right shoulder, holding cross potent in right hand and akakia in left. D.O. 1; Sear 1550. AV. 4.40 g. 20.50 mm. R. Rare. A handsome example, of full weight, well centred and brilliant. Good VF. Leo III was the father of Constantine V, his portrait is placed on this coin to stress the legitimacy of the rule of Constantine. 'Despite his numerous victories over foreign foes, Leo III is chiefly known for introducing the policy of iconoclasm, or the destruction of sacred images. His efforts to enforce his beliefs on an unwilling clergy and populace became a true persecution late in his reign, and were even more zealously carried out by his son and successor, Constantine V, whose long reign was marked by further military success abroad and heavy-handed repression within. Constantine’s enemies nicknamed him Copronymus, i.e. “named in dung,” because he had allegedly fouled his baptismal fountain. But his generalship proved outstanding against both the Arabs and the Bulgarians, whom he crushed at the battle of Anchialos in AD 763. The iconoclast controversy created discord throughout the Byzantine world for more than a century and counteracted many of the reforms and military victories achieved by father and son. Still, their efforts ensured the empire's survival and paved the way for the great Macedonian Renaissance in the following century.' (Heritage 3049, 2016, 30324 note).