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Results from 661 to 720 of 1105

Amazing Lombardic Tremissis
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Lot # 666 - The Lombards, Lombardy. Time of Authari-Agilulf (c. 568-690 AD). AV Tremissis. Pseudo-Imperial Coinage. In the name of Maurice Tiberius (582-602), c. 582-690 AD. Obv. Blundered legend. Pearl-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Annular border in high relief. Rev. Blundered legend. Victory standing facing, holding globus cruciger in left hand and wreath in right; COIIOI in exergue. Annular border in high relief. MEC 1, 305-6; BMC Vandals 23 (Agilulf). AV. 1.31 g. 22.50 mm. RR. The letters of the legends validate that this coin is an imitation of Maurice Tiberius' tremissis struck at the Ravenna mint. This type, with its larger flan, was resumed after the period of Cunipert . Very rare, sharply struck and superb. Broad unclipped flan. EF. The Lombards were a Germanic people who were known since the time of Tacitus. By the early sixth century the Lombards had settled in Pannonia, and adopted the Arian religion. In AD 568/9, the Lombards began to invade Italy and quickly took control of the region from the Alps to the Po valley (later known as Lombardy), and established their capital at Pavia in AD 571 under their king, Alboin. Following the death of his successor in AD 574, the dukes could not agree on a new king, resulting in an interregnum of ten years. During this interval, two other independent Lombard duchies were founded in Spoleto and Benevento. With the exception of Liutprand (AD 712-744), the kings of Lombardy were weak and ineffectual, and the kingdom was finally crushed by Charlemagne in AD 774. The Lombards of Benevento thrived under its first dukes, Zotto and Arichis (AD 571-641), and its control expanded to the whole of southern Italy except Apulia and Calabria. Afterward, attacks from Lombardy, followed by the Carolingians, Byzantines, Papal States, and finally the Arab invaders, kept Benevento on the defensive, and its power waned. A civil war following the murder of Sicard in AD 839 resulted in the breakup of the greater duchy, and a number of insignificant Lombard dukes intermittently ruled over a greatly reduced Benevento until the mid-eleventh century. Like Benevento, the Lombard duchy of Spoleto was constantly assailed from all sides, and lost its independence after falling to Charlemagne in AD 776. Unlike Lombardy and Benevento, Spoleto has no known coinage. (Triton XI, 2006, 1074 note).
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Lot # 667 - The Lombards in Tuscany. Uncertain King. AV Tremissis. Pseudo-Imperial Coinage. In the name of Heraclius. Ravenna mint, c. 620-700 AD. Obv. DN HЄRAC-LIVS PP AVC. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right, small cross above front of diadem; heavy annular border. Rev. VIITORIA ΛVIVSTORVN. Cross potent; beneath, IONOB; heavy annular border. MEC 1, 307-310; BMC Vandals p. 131 and pl. XVIII, 30-31; Arslan -. AV. 1.47 g. 16.00 mm. RR. Very rare and superb example. Minor areas of flat strike and light graffiti on reverse, otherwise. EF.
Spectacular Anastasius Solidus
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Lot # 668 - Anastasius I (491-518). AV Solidus. Constantinople mint, 492-507 AD. Obv. DN ANASTASIVS PP AVC. Helmeted and cuirassed bust facing slightly right, helmet with cross and plume, holding spear and shield. Rev. VICTORIA AVCCC H. Victory standing left, holding long voided cross; to right, star; in exergue, CONOB. D.O. 3f; MIB 4a; Sear 3. AV. 4.45 g. 20.50 mm. Exquisite details. Intriguing issue with decorative cross on helmet. Virtually as struck and exceptional. FDC.
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Lot # 669 - Justin I (518-527). AE Pentanummium. Uncertain Italian mint. Obv. [DN] IVS-TINI P. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev. Large V; above, star; all within wreath. D.O. 209 (Rome); MIB 84 (Sicily); B.N. 4-10 (Ravenna). AE. 1.14 g. 11.00 mm. A choice example. Minor metal flaw on reverse, brown patina. About EF.
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Lot # 670 - Justin I and Justinian I (4 April-1 August 527). AV Solidus. Constantinople mint. Obv. D N IVSTIN ЄT IVSTINIAN P P AVG. Justin and Justinian seated facing on square-backed throne, each holding globus; cross between heads; in exergue, CONOB. Rev. VICTORI-A AVGGG Θ. Αngel standing facing, holding long cross and globus cruciger; star to right; in exergue, CONOB. D.O. 3 var; MIBE 2c; Sear 119. AV. 4.42 g. 21.00 mm. RR. Very rare and choice example. Τraces of die swift, graffiti on reverse. About EF/Good VF.
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Lot # 671 - Justinian I (527-565). AV Tremissis. Constantinople mint. Obv. DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVG. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev. VICTO[RI]A AVGVSTORVM. Victory advancing right, head left, holding wreath and globus cruciger; to right, star; in exergue, CONOB. D.O. 19; MIB 19; Sear 145. AV. 1.49 g. 17.00 mm. Superb example with good details and lustrous fields. Peripheral area of flat strike, otherwise. good EF.
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Lot # 672 - Justinian I (527-565). AE Follis. Constantinople mint, 4th officina. Dated year RY 14 (540/1). Obv. DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVC. Helmeted and cuirassed bust facing, holding globus cruciger and shield; to right, cross. Rev. Large M between A/N/N/O and X/II/II; above, cross; beneath, Δ; in exergue: CON. D.O. 39d; MIB 95a; Sear 163. AE. 22.64 g. 39.00 mm. A choice example with green patina. About EF.
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Lot # 673 - Justinian I (527-565). AR Half Siliqua, heavy weight issue. Carthage mint . Obv. D N IVST-INY PP A. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev. Monogram (Sear 3); above, cross; below, retrograde S, all within dotted border. D.O. -; MIBE 53 (var. S not retrograde); Sear 254 (as Siliqua); Ranieri 310 (Ravenna). AR. 1.12 g. 13.00 mm. RRR. An attractive example of this very rare and controversial issue. Minor flan crack. Peripheral area of flat strike. About EF.
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Lot # 674 - Justinian I (527-565). AV Solidus. Constantinople mint, 538-545 AD. Obv. DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVC. Helmeted and cuirassed bust facing, holding globus cruciger and shield. Rev. VICTORIA AVGG[...]. Angel standing facing, holding long staff surmounted by christogram in right hand and globus cruciger in left; star in right field; [in exergue, CONOB]. D.O. 9; MIB 7; Sear 140. AV. 4.33 g. 22.00 mm. Choice example, die shift and peripheral areas of weak strike, otherwise. EF.
Virtually as Struck
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Lot # 675 - Justinian I (527-565). AV Solidus. Ravenna mint, 552-565 AD. Obv. DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVG. Helmeted and cuirassed bust facing, holding globus cruciger and shield. Rev. VICTORIA AVGGG Z (retrograde). Angel standing facing, holding long staff surmonted by Christogram and globus cruciger; in right field, six-pointed star; in exergue, CONOB. D.O. 333c; Ranieri 322; Sear 312. AV. 4.41 g. 20.00 mm. R. Rare. Brilliant and superb, with underlying luster and almost incirculated. Exceptional. About FDC.
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Lot # 676 - Justinian I (527-565). AV Tremissis. Ravenna mint, c. 540-565 AD. Obv. DN IVSTINI-ANVS PP AVG. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev. VICTO[RI]A AVGVSTORVM. Victory advancing right, head left, holding wreath and globus cruciger; to right, star; in exergue, CONOB. D.O. -; Ranieri 328; Sear 312d. AV. 1.49 g. 17.50 mm. Superb example, well centred and struck on a broad flan. Bright fields. Minor metal flaw on obverse and light scratch on reverse. EF.
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Lot # 677 - Justinian I (527-565). AV Solidus. Sicilian mint, 552-565 AD. Obv. DN IVSTINIANVS PP AVI. Helmeted and cuirassed bust facing, holding globus cruciger and shield. Heavy annular border. Rev. VICTORIA AVGGG I. Angel standing facing, holding long staff surmonted by Christogram and globus cruciger; in right field, eight-pointed star; in exergue, CONOB. Heavy annular border. Cf. D.O. 333; MIB 37; Sear 328D. AV. 4.31 g. 21.00 mm. R. Rare. Slightly wavy flan. Brilliant and superb with a delicate reddish warm patina. EF. Encapsulated by NGC AU Strike 5/5 Surface 2/5.
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Lot # 678 - Justin II (565-578). AV Solidus. Thessalonica mint, c. 570 AD. Obv. D N I VSTI-NVS P P AVI. Helmeted and cuirassed bust facing, with short beard, holding crowning Victory on globus and shield decorated with horseman motif. Rev. VICTORIA AVCCC. Constantinopolis seated facing on throne, head right, holding scepter and globus cruciger; in exergue, CONOB. D.O. -; MIBE 16; Sear 364D. AV. 4.42 g. 22.00 mm. R. Superb example with underlying luster. Broad flan. Peripheral area of flat strike. EF.
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Lot # 679 - Justin II (565-578). AV Solidus. Ravenna mint. Obv. D N I VSTI NVS PP AVC, helmeted, draped, and cuirassed bust facing, holding Victory on globus and shield decorated with horseman motif. Rev. VICTORI-A AVCCCP, Constantinopolis seated facing on throne, head right, holding scepter and globus cruciger; in exergue, CONOB. D.O. 210b2; MIB 21; Sear 407. AV. 4.43 g. 20.00 mm. R. Rare and choice example, well centred and struck on a broad flan. Minor graffiti on reverse. EF.
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Lot # 680 - Tiberius II Constantine (578-582). AE Half Follis. Rome mint. Obv. Crowned and cuirassed bust facing, holding globus cruciger and shield. Rev. Large XX; cross above; in exergue, ROM. D.O. 61a; MIBE 73 (military mint); Sear 467. AE. 4.41 g. 21.00 mm. Interesting type. Earthy light green patina. VF.
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Lot # 681 - Phocas (602-610). AV Tremissis. Constantinople mint. Obv. [DN] FOCAS PER AVI. Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust right. Rev. VICTORI FOCAS AVG. Cross potent, CONOB beneath. D.O. 19; MIB 27; Sear 634. AV. 1.49 g. 16.00 mm. A choice example with nice details. Peripheral area of flat strike, otherwise. about EF/EF.
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Lot # 682 - Phocas (602-610). AE Half Follis. Rome mint. Obv. DN FOCAS PP AVI. Crowned, draped and cuirasses bust facing, holding globus cruciger. Rev. Large XX; above, cross; in exergue, ROM. D.O. 121; MIB 107; Sear 694; Ranieri 526. AE. 6.06 g. 18.00 mm. RR. Rare and choice example. Nice deep green patina. Good VF.
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Lot # 683 - Heraclius (610-641). AV Solidus. Constantinople mint. Obv. dN hЄRACLI-VS PP AVG. Draped and cuirassed bust facing, with short beard, wearing plumed helmet and holding cross. Rev. VICTORI (sic) AVGV A. Cross potent on three steps; beneath, CONOB. D.O. 3a; MIB 5; Sear 731. AV. 4.52 g. 23.50 mm. Superb example, virtually as struck. FDC.
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Lot # 684 - Heraclius, with Heraclius Constantine (610-641). AE Half Follis. Rome mint. Obv. Facing busts of Heraclius on left and Heraclius Constantine on right, each beardless and wearing crown and chlamys; above, cross. Rev. Large XX; above, cross; ROM in exergue. D.O. 261; MIB 243a; Sear 889. AE. 2.64 g. 17.50 mm. R. Rare, attractive dark green patina. VF.
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Lot # 685 - Heraclius (610-641). AR 120 Nummi or quarter Siliqua, Ravenna mint. Obv. [DN H]ERAC-LI[VS PP AV] Diademed bust right, beardless, wearing robe. Rev. Cross potent within wreath. D.O. 281; Ranieri 591; MIB 156. AR. 0.32 g. 11.00 mm. R. Rare, Impressive portrait, somewhat rough obverse surfaces, uneven grey toning. Slight flan crack, otherwise. good VF.
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Lot # 686 - Heraclius (610-641). AR 120 Nummi or quarter Siliqua, Ravenna mint. Obv. DN ERA-CLIVS PP AV. Diademed bust right, beardless, wearing robe. Rev. Cross potent within wreath. D.O. 281.3; Ranieri 591; MIB 156. AR. 0.41 g. 11.00 mm. R. Rare and superb example of this fascinating issue. EF.
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Lot # 687 - Constans II (641-668) with Constantine IV. AV Solidus, Constantinople mint. Obv. dN CONSTANTINYS C CON[STAN]. Facing busts of Constans, with long beard, and Constantine IV, beardless, each wearing crown and chlamys; between their heads, cross. Rev. VICTORIA AVGY H. Cross potent on three steps; beneath, CONOB. D.O. 25; Sear 959. AV. 4.35 g. 19.50 mm. Brilliant and superb, with underlying luster. Virtually as struck. Minor earthy deposits. FDC.
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Lot # 688 - Constans II (641-668) with Constantine IV. AR Hexagram. Constantinople mint, 654-659 AD. Obv. [Fragmentary inscription]. Facing busts of Constans with long beard, and Constantine IV, beardless; each wearing crown and chlamys; between their heads, cross. Rev. Cross potent set on three steps, between two palm branches. D.O. 47; MIB 141; Sear 987. AR. 4.40 g. 19.50 mm. RR. Very rare and choice example. Scratches on obverse. VF.
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Lot # 689 - Constantine IV Pogonatus (668-685). AR Half Siliqua, Italian mint. Obv. Bust right, with short beard, wearing diademed helmet and paludamentum. Rev. Two cross potents arranged to form a star of eight rays. D.O. 79 (Beardless bust); MIB 69 (Constantinople); Sear 1230 (Beardless bust). AR. 1.30 g. 13.00 mm. RRR. Choice example of this rare issue. Brilliant and lightly toned. Good VF.
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Lot # 690 - Constantine IV, Pogonatus (668-685). AE Half Follis, Neapolis mint. Obv. Beardless bust facing, wearing crown and chlamys, and holding globus cruciger. Rev. Large XX; in exergue, NE. D.O. 79 bis; MIB 113; Sear 1231. AE. 2.78 g. 17.00 mm. RRR. Choice example of this extremely rare issue. Nice deep green patina. Good VF/About EF.
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Lot # 691 - Constantine IV, Pogonatus (668-685). AE Half Follis, Rome mint. Obv. Beardless bust facing, wearing crown and chlamys, and holding spear. Rev. XX between facing busts of Heraclius and Tiberius, each wearing crown and chlamys; above, cross; in exergue, ROM. D.O. 82-3; MIB 115; Sear 1234. AE. 4.08 g. 16.00 mm. R. Choice for issue. Nice deep green patina. Good VF.
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Lot # 692 - Justinian II (First Reign, 685-695). AV Tremissis, Syracuse mint, 685-695 AD. Obv. Blundered legend. Diademed and draped bust right. Rev. [VICTORIA A]VGy. Cross potent; beneath, CONOB. D.O. 50b.1; MIB 27; Sear 1291. AV. 1.29 g. 17.00 mm. RR. Very rare. We attribute this Tremissis to Justinian II for style, although the obverse legend is unclear. Minor areas of flatness, otherwise. about EF.
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Lot # 693 - Leontius (695-698). AV Solidus, Constantinople mint. Obv. D LЄO-N PЄ AV. Bearded bust facing, wearing crown with cross on circlet and lozenge pattern loros, akakia in raised right hand, globus cruciger in left. Rev. VICTORIA-AVϚЧ Θ . Cross potent with base on three steps; CONOB below. D.O. 1; MIB 1; Sear 1330. AV. 4.48 g. 19.00 mm. RR. Very rare. Superb example, sharply struck, with underlying luster. Minor areas of flat strike. Good EF/EF. Of Isaurian origin, Leontius was a very efficient military leader and served capably under several emperors. Constantine IV appointed him strategos of Anatolikon. Justinian II sent him to campaign against the Arabs in Armenia and Georgia, in 686. Defeating the Arab raiders, Leontius campaigned successfully into Azerbaijan and Albania, gathering loot and gaining a reputation for cruelty. This campaign convinced the Caliph Abd al-Malik to renew his treaty with the Byzantines, originally signed during the reign of Constantine IV, with more favorable terms for the Byzantine Empire. The Caliph agreed to share the income from Armenia, Iberia, and Cyprus and increased the amount of yearly tribute paid to the Byzantines. In 692, after a Byzantine defeat at the battle of Sebastopolis due to the desertion of a large contingent of Slavs, Justinian II, holding Leontius responsible, imprisoned him in Constantinople. In 695, after further setbacks against the Arabs, Justinian II released Leontius and appointed him strategos of Hellas. Leontius, once freed from prison, quickly organized a rebellion against the emperor. With support from the Blue faction and the patriarch Callinicus, Leontius and his followers seized Justinian II and proclaimed Leontius as emperor. Leontius had Justinian's nose and tongue slit and him exiled to Cherson in the Crimea.
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Lot # 694 - Leo III the 'Isaurian' (717-720). AV Tremissis, Sardinia mint. Obv. DN [...] NYS. Crowned facing bust, holding globus cruciger. Rev. VCTO[...]YC. Cross potent on step; S in right field; in exergue, CONO[B]. D.O. -; MIB 5; Sear 1522B; Piras 1996 60. AV. 1.15 g. 12.00 mm. RRRR. Extremely rare and very seldom offered in public sale. Clipped, scratches. VF/Good VF. Encapsulated by NGC AU Strike 4/5 Surface 2/5.
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Lot # 695 - Leo III the 'Isaurian', with Constantine V (717-741). EL Tremissis. Uncertain Italian mint, c. 720-740 AD. Obv. [d] LEO-N [P A MYL]. Crowned bust facing, holding globus cruciger and wearing chlamys. Rev. Crowned and bearded bust facing, wearing chlamys and holding globus cruciger; Λ to right. Cf. D.O. 102; Sear 1540E. EL. 1.40 g. 15.50 mm. RRR. A superb example of this extremely rare issue. Sharply struck and exceptional for issue, delicate light patina over brilliant surfaces. EF.
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Lot # 696 - Constantine V Copronymus with Leo IV (741-775). AV Solidus, Syracuse mint. Obv. CON[TAN] LЄO[ ] Facing busts of Constantine V and Leo IV, each wearing crown and chlamys; in field above, cross. Rev. [GNO] LЄON P A [M U] Facing bust of Leo III wearing crown and loros and holding cross potent. D.O. 15; Sear 1565. AV. 3.62 g. 20.50 mm. R. Scratches on obverse. Good EF.
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Lot # 697 - Irene (797-802 AD). AV Solidus. Syracuse mint. Obv. IPЄNI AΓOVS. Crowned facing bust of Irene, enthroned and wearing chlamys, holding akakia in left hand . Rev. AΓOVSTI, crowned facing bust of Irene, wearing loros, holding cross potent in right hand. D.O. 3 var. (obv. legend); Sear 1601; Anastasi 452. AV. 3.83 g. 20.50 mm. RRRR. Extremely rare type. Superb coin, sharply struck on full flan. Enchanting light tone over brilliant surfaces, minor areas of weakness, otherwise. about FDC. Irene's sole reign lasted from the deposition and blinding of her son Constantine VI on 19 August 797 to her own deposition at the hands of the partisans of Nicephorus I on 30 October 802. In her gold coinage the obverse was naturally occupied by her own bust, but for the reverse she could not fall back on the expedient employed since the reign of Constantine V of representing the effiges of one or more of her predecessors. Instead of reviving the ancient cross-on-steps type, she preferred to have herself depicted a second time, thus creating a precedent which was occasionally followed in the future. (Grierson P., Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittermore Collection, Volume 3- Part 1, Washington, 1973, p. 347-348).
Nicephorus & Stauracius at Syracuse
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Lot # 698 - Nicephorus I with Stauracius (802-811 AD). AV Semissis. Syracuse mint, 810-811 AD. Obv. Legend of -flan. Crowned facing bust of Nicephorus, wearing chlamys, holding globus cruciger and akakia. Rev. ST-AVRA. Crowned facing bust of Stauracius, holding cross potent on globus and akakia. D.O. 7; Sear 1609; Anastasi 469. AV. 1.85 g. 14.00 mm. RRR. Very rare and in high state of preservation. Brilliant and lightly toned, minor areas of flat strike, otherwise. EF/About EF. Ex DNW 29 sept. 2008, 6308.
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Lot # 699 - Theophilus, with Constantine and Michael III (829-842 AD). AV Solidus, Constantinople mint, 831-842 AD. Obv. Star ΘEOFILOS bASILE Θ. Crowned facing bust of Theophilus, wearing chlamys, holding patriarchal cross and akakia. Rev. Cross MIXAHL S COnSTAnTInI. Crowned facing busts of Michael and Constantine, each wearing chlamys; cross above. D.O. 3; Sear 1653. AV. 4.37 g. 19.50 mm. R. Rare. Brilliant and superb, with underlying luster. A magnificent example. EF/Good EF.
Outstanding Theophilus
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Lot # 700 - Theophilus (829-842). AV Tremissis, Syracuse mint. Obv. ΘЄOFILOS. Bust facing with short beard, wearing crown and chlamys, and holding globus cruciger. Rev. ΘЄOFILOS. Bust facing with short beard, wearing crown and loros, and holding cross potent. D.O. 27; Sear 1678. AV. 1.14 g. 11.00 mm. Superb coin; lovely delicate patina with warm hues over bright surfaces. EF.
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Lot # 701 - Basil I, the Macedonian (867-886 AD). AV Solidus, Constantinople mint. Obv. +IhS XPS REX REGNANTIЧM*. Christ, nimbate, enthroned facing, raising hand in benediction and holding Gospels. Rev. BASILIVS ET COnSTAnt AЧGG'b'. Crowned facing busts of Basil, with short beard and loros, and his son Constantine, beardless and wearing chlamys, holding patriarchal cross between them. D.O. 2; Sear 1704. AV. 4.36 g. 19.50 mm. A choice example with good details. About EF.
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Lot # 702 - Constantine IX Monomachus (1042-1055 AD). AV Histamenon Nomisma, Constantinople mint. Obv. +IҺS XIS RЄX RCςNANTIҺm. Christ Pantokrator enthroned facing. Rev. +CωҺSτAhτh BASILЄЧS Rm. Crowned bust facing, wearing loros, holding labarum in right hand and globus cruciger in left. D.O. 2a; Ratto 1988; Sear 1829. AV. 4.38 g. 27.00 mm. Scarce. Scarce and superb. EF/Good EF.
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Lot # 703 - Constantine X Ducas (1059-1067). AV Histamenon Nomisma. Constantinople mint. Obv. [+Ih]S XIS RCX – RCGNANTIhm. Christ Pantokrator enthroned facing. Rev. +KωNRΛCΛ – OΔOUKΛC. Constantine standing facing, holding labarum with pellet on shaft and globus cruciger. D.O. 1b; Sear 1847. AV. 4.42 g. 27.00 mm. A choice example with bright fields. Traces of die swift. EF/Good EF.
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Lot # 704 - Michael VII Ducas (1071-1078). EL Histamenon Nomisma, Constantinople mint. Obv. IC-XC. Nimbate bust of Christ facing, wearing pallium and colobium, raising right hand in benediction and holding in left book of Gospels. Rev. MIXAHΛ RACIΛ. Bust facing, bearded, wearing crown and loros and holding labarum and globus cruciger. D.O. 2; Sear 1868. EL. 4.39 g. 27.00 mm. Example of rare freshness, virtually as struck. EF.
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Lot # 705 - John II, Comnenus (1118-1143). EL Aspron Trachy, Constantinople mint. Obv. Christ seated facing on throne, raising right hand in benediction and holding in left book of Gospels. Rev. John and St. George both standing facing, holding between them patriarchal cross on small globe. Sear 1941; Ratto -. EL. 4.23 g. 33.00 mm. A choice example with broad flan. Good VF/About EF.
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Lot # 706 - AE Twelve nomismata square weight. Obv. Horizontal bar / SOL / XII. Rev. Blank. AE. 53.62 g. 38.00 mm. R. Rare and interesting example. Lovely green patina with reddish spots. Earthy deposits. Apparently unlisted in the standard reference. For the weight, see: Bendall n. 134.
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Lot # 707 - Order of the poor Knights of Christ. Seal Matrix 'SIGILLUM MILITIE TEMPLI', c. 13th-14th century. Obv. Cross fichée. AE. 9.66 g. 25.00 mm. RRRR. Extremely rare. Original suspension loop . Good VF. Templar, or simply the Templars, was a military order of the Catholic faith, and one of the wealthiest and most popular military orders in Western Christianity. They were founded c. 1119, headquartered on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, and existed for nearly two centuries during the Middle Ages. Officially endorsed by the Roman Catholic Church by such decrees as the papal bull Omne datum optimum of Pope Innocent II, the Templars became a favored charity throughout Christendom and grew rapidly in membership and power. The Templar knights, in their distinctive white mantles with a red cross, were among the most skilled fighting units of the Crusades. They were prominent in Christian finance; non-combatant members of the order, who made up as much as 90% of their members, managed a large economic infrastructure throughout Christendom. They developed innovative financial techniques that were an early form of banking, building a network of nearly 1,000 commanderies and fortifications across Europe and the Holy Land, and arguably forming one of the world's earliest multinational corporations.
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Lot # 708 - Bronze Pilgrim's badge. 15th century. Obv. The Virgin with the Child in lozange. Rev. Gothic M. PB Alloy. 2.67 g. 18.00 mm. The round lead foil is set in a frame worked with a geometric pattern. EF.
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Lot # 709 - Antioch. Bohemond I (1098-1100 and 1102-1104). AE Follis. Obv. Bust of St. Peter, nimbate, wearing tunic, holding cross in left hand. Rev. Cross pommetée, fleuronée at base; in the angles, B H M T. Malloy 1; Schl. pl. II, 4; Metcalf 47/48. AE. 4.10 g. 25.00 mm. RR. Very rare early issue. Good VF. This 'follis' copper type coins, issued in quasi-Byzantine style and bearing Greek and latin legends, were the first Crusader coins minted in Antioch. William of Tyre described quite well the situation at Antioch during his days there: 'the city was surrounded by muslim enemies who cut off all trade between St Symeon and the city. Despite such dangers, military expenses may perhaps have required that currency be issued early on; and trade at Antioch soon increased in direct proportion to its security'.
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Lot # 710 - Antioch. Tancred, Regent (1101-1103, 1104-1112). AE Follis. Obv. Bust of Tancred wearing turban and holding sword in right hand. Rev. Ornate cross; IC - XC / NI - KA (Jesus Christ, conquer) within the arms. Malloy 4; Schl. pl. II, 7; Metcalf 63/70. AE. 3.51 g. 19.50 mm. Earthy patina. Good VF.
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Lot # 711 - Antioch. Tancred, Regent (1101-1103, 1104-1112). AE Follis. Obv. Bust of Christ, nimbate, wearing tunic and cloak, holding Gospels. Rev. Ornate cross; TA - NK / P - HX (ligate) (Tandred Rex) within the arms. Malloy 5; Schl. pl. II, 8; Metcalf 81/83. AE. 3.18 g. 19.50 mm. Scarce. Deep olive green patina. About EF.
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Lot # 712 - Antioch. Tancred, Regent (1101-1103, 1104-1112). AE Follis. Obv. St. Peter standing, wearing tunic and cloak, blessing with right and holding cross with left hand. Rev. Slender cross, -D S F T (Domine salvum fac Tancredum) within arms. Malloy 6; Schl. pl. V, 1; Metcalf 71/78. AE. 3.07 g. 21.00 mm. Scarce. Deep olive green patina. Overstruck. Good VF.
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Lot # 713 - Antioch. Anonymous (1120-1140). AE Fractional denier. Obv. Two towers; in centre, long cross; below I I I . Rev. HN TIOC HIH in three lines. Cf. Malloy 13; Cf. Schl. pl. III, 12; Cf. Metcalf 463. AE. 0.57 g. 15.00 mm. RRR. Slightly bent flan. VF. Very intriguing anonymous type characterized by a norman style, probably struck during the latter days of the Byzantine influence on the coinage of the principality. Many are the varieties listed by authors but the depiction of the castle in this offered example seems to be unique. Instead of the usual three towered castle we can find a long potent cross which separates the two towers at sides; probably an artistic game by the engraver.
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Lot # 714 - Antioch. Raymond of Poitier (1136-1149). BI Denier, crude style. Obv. Beardless head right. Rev. Patent cross. Malloy 15; Schl. pl. II, 17; Metcalf 335/339. BI. 1.03 g. 17.50 mm. VF. In 1136, Raymond of Poitiers, who have been called from France by Folques, arrived at Antioch to marry Costance and take up the responsibilities of Prince. Probably later in his reign Raymond began Antioch's first issue of billon deniers.
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Lot # 715 - Antioch. Raymond of Poitiers (1136-1149). AE Fractional Denier. Obv. R A M in ornamental style, within a triangular pattern. Rev. AN / TIOC / HIE in three lines. Malloy 17; Schl. pl. II, 19; Metcalf 462. AE. 1.07 g. 16.00 mm. R. Good VF.
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Lot # 716 - Antioch. Period of Raymond of Poitiers (c. 1136-1149). AE Fractional Denier. Obv. Patent cross; pellet in each angle. Rev. Altar with four legs, chalice in center, cross above, diamond with pellet each side, pellet each side of open oval below. Malloy 20; Schl. cf. pl. III, 15; Metcalf 467. AE. 1.09 g. 17.50 mm. R. Desert patina. Good VF.
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Lot # 717 - Antioch. Bohemond III, Minority (1149-1163), regencies of Constance and Renaud de Chatillon. BI Denier. Obv. Bare head right. Rev. Patent cross. Malloy 22/43; Schl. pl. II, 20; Metcalf 334/358. BI. 0.64 g. 16.00 mm. Scarce. Two tiny holes due to minting process. Good VF.
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Lot # 718 - Antioch. Bohemond III, Minority (1149-1163), regencies of Constance and Renaud de Chatillon. AE Fractional Denier. Obv. Large retrograde S flanked by four pellets. Rev. Patent cross; pellets in first, second and third angles, crescent downwards in fourth. Malloy 45; Schl. pl. III, 16; Metcalf 468/470. AE. 1.09 g. 18.00 mm. Scarce. VF.
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Lot # 719 - Antioch. Bohemond IV (1201-1216), first reign. AE Pougeoise. Obv. Fleur de lis flanked by two pellets. Rev. Patent cross; in each quarter, star. Malloy 81/84; Cf. Schl. pl. III, 1 var; Metcalf 472. AE. 0.57 g. 16.00 mm. VF.
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Lot # 720 - Antioch. Bohemond IV and Bohemond V (1215-1250), second reign. AE Pougeoise. Obv. Fleur de lis flanked by two pellets. Rev. Patent cross; in each quarter, pellet. Malloy 107/115; Schl. pl. III, 1; Metcalf 471 and 475. AE. 0.73 g. 26.00 mm. VF.
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Lot # 721 - Antioch. Bohemond IV or Bohemond V. Lead pilgrim token. Obv. Fleur de lis flanked by two pellets. Rev. Six pointed star flanked by pellets. Cf. Malloy 81/84 and 107/115; Cf. Schl. pl. III, 1; Cf. Metcalf 471 and 472. AE. 2.78 g. 23.00 mm. The design recalls the pegouise of Bohemond for Antioch. VF.
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Lot # 722 - Damietta. John of Brienne, King (1210-1212), Regent (1212-1225). BI Denier. Obv. Patent cross; annulets in second and third quarter. Rev. Head facing with curled hair and wearing crown with three pellets. Malloy 43; Schl. pl. III, 31; Metcalf 203/205. BI. 0.73 g. 17.00 mm. R. Good VF. John de Brienne minted billon deniers associated with the Fifth Crusade, when he was the leader of the Palestinian forces and Damietta was occupied (1219-1221). During preparations for the Fifth Crusade in 1217, it was decided that Damietta should be the focus of attack because of its strategical position. Control of Damietta meant control of the Nile, and from there the crusaders believed they would be able to conquer Egypt and then the Palestine and Jerusalem. After the siege of Damietta of 1218–1219, the port was occupied by the Crusaders. In 1221 the Crusaders attempted to march to Cairo, but were destroyed by the combination of nature and Muslim defenses. Damietta was also the object of the Seventh Crusade, led by Louis IX of France. His fleet arrived there in 1249 and quickly captured the fort, which he refused to hand over to the nominal king of Jerusalem, to whom it had been promised during the Fifth Crusade. However, having been taken prisoner with his army in April 1250, Louis was obliged to surrender Damietta as ransom. Hearing that Louis was preparing a new crusade, the Mamluk Sultan Baibars, in view of the importance of the town to the Crusaders, destroyed it in 1251 and rebuilt it with stronger fortifications a few kilometers from the river in the early 1260s, making the mouth of the Nile at Damietta impassable for ships.
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Lot # 723 - Edessa. Baldwin II, second reign (1108-1118). AE Follis. Obv. Count walking left holding cross in right and sword in left hand. Rev. Floral cross with pellets in angles. Malloy 9a; Schl. pl. I, 7; Metcalf 109/111. AE. 3.79 g. 22.50 mm. Choice example, well detailed. Good VF. The county of Edessa was the first state to be conquered and formed during First Crusade on March 10, 1098, when Baldwin of Boulogne assumed power there and adopted the title of count; and the first to fall, on November 3, 1146, when it was conquered by Nur-ad-Din Mahmud. The entire coinage of Edessa was issued between 1098 and 1144 and thus forms a compact series of scarce copper coins designed in quasi-byzantine style, often overstruck and reduced over the years in module and weight. At some point during his second reign, possibly around 1110, Baldwin's issues start to change. It is known that in the spring of 1110 Maudud of Mosul devastated the county's territory east of the Euphrates; subsequent Turkish and Armenian incursions impoverished Edessa beyond hope of recovery. Despite this issue that can be concerned with the possibility to obtain copper Porteous suggest that Edessa reduced the standard of its coinage to conform to that of Antioch.
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Lot # 724 - Jerusalem. AV Bezant. Imitating a dinar of the Fatimid caliph al-Amir. Misr mint. Second phase, struck 1148/59-1187. Angular script. Obv. Legend in blundered cufic. Rev. Legend in blundered cufic. Malloy 3; Schl. pl. V, 19; Metcalf 119/125 (Acre mint?). AV. 3.95 g. 22.00 mm. R. Good VF.
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Lot # 725 - Jerusalem. AR Dirham with cross, 1251, Acre mint. Obv. Arabic legends with christian motto 'One God, one Faith, one Baptism' 'struck in Acre year one thousand and two hundred and one and fifty'. Rev. Arabic legends with christian motto 'the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit: One Divinity' 'his is the glory forever and ever, amen '. Malloy 15; Schl. pl. V, 31. Balog & Yvon 45. AR. 2.36 g. 20.00 mm. RR. Warm toning. Good VF. Ex Pegasi 21, 2009, 874. In the spring of 1250 late (647 H) the Bishop Eudes de Chateauroux arrived in Syria. He was scandalized to learn that the Franks were striking coins with the name of the Muslilm Prophet and with Islamic legends and ordered an end to the practice. In 1251 new coins appeared with purely Christian legends written in Arabic. Dirhams resemble the issues of Damascus retaining the design familiar and accetable to the Muslims but the prominent crosses on dinars and dirhams must have made the new issues easily distinguishable.

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